If the Bill is presented to the President for assent, he shall assent to the Bill in not later than ten days. If it is not a Money Bill, the President may return the Bill to the Majlis-e-Shoora with a message requesting that the Bill be reconsidered and that an amendment specified in the message be considered.
The Majlis-e-Shoora shall reconsider the Bill in a joint sitting. If the Bill is passed again, with or without amendment, by vote of the majority of the members present and voting, it shall be presented to the President and the President shall give his assent within ten days; failing which such assent shall be deemed to have been given.
Under the Constitution, the Parliament may also legislate for two or more Provinces by consent and request made by those Provinces. If the Federal Government proclaims State of Emergency in any province, the power to legislate about that province is vested in the Parliament.
But the Bills passed by the Parliament during the State of Emergency, shall cease to be in force after the expiration of six months from the date Emergency is lifted. Nevertheless, the steps already taken under these Acts shall remain valid. In exercises of its constitutional role, the Parliament also has other very important duties to perform.
The President, who is at the apex, is elected by members of both Houses of the Parliament and the Provincial Assemblies. The Prime Minister, who heads the Cabinet and is meant to aid and advise the President in his functions, belongs to the National Assembly.
He enjoys the confidence of the majority of the members of the National Assembly. Members of the Cabinet are appointed by the President on the advice of the Prime Minister. The President may ask the Prime Minister to continue to hold office until his successor enters upon the office of Prime Minister.
Vote of no-confidence against Prime Minister. A resolution for a vote of no-confidence moved by not less than twenty per centum of the total membership of the National Assembly may be passed against the Prime Minister by the National Assembly.
A resolution referred to in clause 1 shall not be voted upon before the expiration of three days, or later than seven days, from the day on which such resolution is moved in the National Assembly.
A resolution referred to in clause 1 shall not be moved in the National Assembly while the National Assembly is considering demands for grants submitted to it in the Annual Budget Statement. If the resolution referred to in clause 1 is passed by a majority of the total membership of the National Assembly, the Prime Minister shall cease to hold office. Extent of executive authority of Federation. Subject to the Constitution, the executive authority of the Federation shall extend to the matters with respect to which [Majlis-e-Shoora Parliament ] has power to make laws, including exercise of rights, authority and jurisdiction in and in relation to areas outside Pakistan: Provided that the said authority shall not, save as expressly provided in the Constitution or in any law made by [Majlis-e-Shoora Parliament ] , extend in any Province to a matter with respect to which the Provincial Assembly has also power to make laws.
Conferring of functions on subordinate authorities. On the recommendation of the Federal Government, [Majlis-e-Shoora Parliament ] may by law confer functions upon officers or authorities subordinate to the Federal Government. Conduct of business of Federal Government.
All executive actions of the Federal Government shall be expressed to be taken in the name of the President. The [Federal Government] shall by rules specify the manner in which orders and other instruments made and executed [in the name of the President] shall be authenticated, and the validity of any order or instrument so authenticated shall not be questioned in any court on the ground that it was not made or executed by the President.
The Federal Government shall also make rules for the allocation and transaction of its business. Attorney-General for Pakistan. The President shall appoint a person, being a person qualified to be appointed a Judge of the Supreme Court, to be the Attorney-General for Pakistan.
The Attorney-General shall hold office during the pleasure of the President [and shall not engage in private practice so long as he holds the office of the Attorney-General] It shall be the duty of the Attorney-General to give advice to the Federal Government upon such legal matters, and to perform such other duties of a legal character as may be referred or assigned to him by the Federal Government, and in the performance of his duties he shall have the right of audience in all courts and tribunals in Pakistan.
The Attorney-General may, by writing under his hand addressed to the President, resign his office. Subject to the Constitution, the executive authority of the Federation shall be exercised in the name of the President by the Federal Government, consisting of the Prime Minister and the Federal Ministers which shall act through the Prime Minister who shall be the chief executive of the Federation.
The National Assembly shall meet on the thirtieth day following the day on which a general election to the Assembly is held, unless sooner summoned by the President. The Prime Minister shall be elected by the votes of the majority of the total membership of the National Assembly: Provided that, if no member secures such majority in the first poll, a second poll shall be held between the members who secure the two highest numbers of votes in the first poll and the member who secures majority of votes of the members present and voting shall be declared to have been elected as Prime Minister.
The member elected under clause 3 shall be called upon by the President to assume the office of Prime Minister and he shall, before entering upon the office, make before the President oath in the form set out in the Third Schedule. The Prime Minister shall appoint Federal Ministers and Ministers of State from amongst the members of Parliament: Provided that the number of Federal Ministers and Ministers of State who are members of the Senate shall not at any time exceed one-fourth of the number of Federal Ministers.
Before entering upon office, a Federal Minister or a Minister of State shall make before the President oath in the form set out in the Third Schedule. A Federal Minister or a Minister of State may, by writing under his hand addressed to the Prime Minister, resign his office or may by removed from office by the Prime Minister.
The parliamentarians caste their votes and select one of the candidates for the most powerful position or the executive branch in the government, i. The executive and legislative branches are thus, interconnected and have to work closely woth eachother to ensure efficient and effective governance. Another fact that is important is that the Government of Pakistan is a federal government established by the Constitution of Pakistan. Further, the government itself is composed of three branches: executive led by the Prime Mnister , legislative which forms the Parliament , and judicial headed by the Supreme Court.
The Parliament by passing new laws or amending existing laws defines how each of these branches of governance will function. Here, we also need to understand that Pakistan consists of a bicameral Parliament.
In simple terms this means that the Parliament is divided into two branches, i. For any bill to be made a law, usually it is first passed by the National Assembly and is then sent to the Senate for Approval. Feeling a little confused because the President is only suppose to be a figure head without any real executive powers?
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